Abstract：The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in physical fitness and athletic performance between competitive tenpin bowlers of different ages, and to analyze their correlations as a reference for training. Forty-nine college and high school students undertook performance tests for sport-specific physical fitness and performance. The results indicated: first, the back muscle strength, balance ability and performance of college men are significantly better than those for the high school group. The dynamic balance ability of high school women employing a left-handed three-finger grip is significantly better than the college women's. Second, the back strength, aerobic capacity, and dynamic balance performance for 135° right leg (RL), 180° left leg (LL), 225° RL, and 225° LL all displayed low correlations and significant differences. Moderate relationships and significant differences were found in all performance tests and the dynamic balance of 180° RL with 1.3 strike, and 135° LL. We conclude: first, the college students' superiority to the high school students seems related to regular, long-term training. Second, back strength, dynamic balance stability, and aerobic capacity are correlated with performance. In particular, 135° LL and 180° RL were moderately correlated with sports performance and dynamic balance, presumably because the angle is highly similar to that occurring when a bowling ball is thrown. (Full text)